Flare Forecasting


Using the daily observation of the photosphere performed by the Equatorial Spar of INAF - Catania Astrophysical Observatory, we provide an indication of the probabilities that each sunspot group visible on the solar disc may host solar flares of C-, M- and X- class.
The probabilities shown below are calculated using the USSPS acquired on 24 April 2025 at 06:00 UT. They are valid for the subsequent 24 hours.
The sunspot groups capability of hosting flares is based on the Poisson statistics of five parameters: number of sunspots and pores, projected area of sunspot group in tens of millionths of the solar hemisphere, group type according to Zurich classification, type of penumbra of the main sunspot, and relative importance between leading sunspot and density of the sunspot population.


Forecasting method description
NOAA AR
Catania Sunspot Group
Flare C-class
Flare M-class
Flare X-class



4062


39
17%
2%
0%



4064


41
43%
11%
2%



4065


42
12%
1%
0%





43
9%
1%
0%



4069


44
18%
2%
0%



4070


45
26%
4%
0%



4068


46
16%
2%
0%





47
12%
1%
0%





48
8%
1%
0%





49
7%
0%
0%





50
10%
1%
0%





51
9%
1%
0%